Reference List: Basic Rules This resource, revised according to the 7 th edition APA Publication Manual, offers basic guidelines for formatting the reference list at the end of a standard APA research paper. Most sources follow fairly straightforward rules. However, because sources obtained from academic journals carry special weight in research writing, these sources are subject to special ...
MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (9th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.
APA PowerPoint Slide Presentation APA Sample Paper Tables and Figures Abbreviations Statistics in APA APA Classroom Poster Changes in the 7th Edition General APA FAQs Reference List: Textual Sources Reference List: Online Media Suggested Resources Style Guide Overview MLA Guide APA Guide Chicago Guide OWL Exercises Purdue OWL Research and Citation
Please use the example at the bottom of this page to cite the Purdue OWL in APA.
For even more examples of how to cite uncommon print sources, please refer to the 7 th edition of the APA Publication Manual. Entry in a Dictionary, Thesaurus, or Encyclopedia with a Group Author
Learn how to format your Works Cited page according to MLA style, with basic rules, examples, and tips. Find out how to cite online sources, apps, databases, pseudonyms, and more.
APA 7th Edition (2020): Citations & Reference List This handout summarizes key concepts you'll need to know when using APA Style for citations. For more detailed instructions and a greater variety of examples and scenarios, we recommend referring to the APA Publication Manual (2019) in book format or online (apastyle.apa.org), or the Purdue OWL (owl.purdue.edu).
The following PDF provides a sample paper written in the MLA style to demonstrate visually how the guidelines work in action. This PDF is used with thanks and full credit to the Purdue OWL (Online Writing Lab), which maintains a robust online guide to a variety of style guides, avoiding plagiarism, and writing at the academic level in general.
Purdue OWL staff Brought to you in cooperation with the Purdue Online Writing Lab The American Psychological Association (APA) citation style is the most commonly used format for manuscripts in the social sciences.
The first line of each entry is left justified with every subsequent line of the entry indented by 1/2". Visit Purdue's OWL to see a sample APA paper including a References page; another example to help you visualize the format for a References page is shown here in a graphic by Jennifer Betts of Bibliography.com (2021):
Here are examples from Purdue OWL about in text citations: If you are directly quoting from a work, you will need to include the author, year of publication, and page number for the reference (preceded by "p." for a single page and “pp.” for a span of multiple pages, with the page numbers separated by an en dash).
The Purdue Global Writing Center supports writers in college composition and across the curriculum with resources that cover a range of topics on using sources and APA Style from documentation guidelines and videos on formatting a title page and reference list to writing with integrity and avoiding plagiarism.
This OWL resources will help you learn how to use the American Psychological Association (APA) citation and format style. Contains resources on in-text citation and the References page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.
Common Citations and References (APA 7th Ed.) Note: Most of the examples in this resource are fictional. Any similarities to real sources or names are coincidental.
This guide includes books, journals, databases, and reference sources in the psychological sciences discipline.
Provides examples of references for periodicals; books and reference works; edited book chapters and entries in reference works; reports and gray literature; conference presentations and proceedings; dissertations and theses; unpublished and informally published works; data sets; audiovisual media; social media; and webpages and websites.
Common Reference Examples This guide contains examples of common types of APA Style references. Section numbers indicate where to find the examples in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.).
The following examples for reference list citations are from Purdue OWL: APA Reference List. While these examples cover popular resources including journal articles, books, and websites, Purdue OWL provides examples on many other types of materials.
The Purdue Online Writing Lab, commonly known as the Purdue Owl, is a renowned resource for citation and writing guidelines. It provides comprehensive support for students, researchers, and writers in formatting their work according to various citation styles, including MLA, APA, and Chicago. Understanding how to use the Purdue Owl citation resources can significantly simplify the citation ...
