MLA in-text citations usually include the last name of the author and the location of cited information. This guide focuses on how to create MLA in-text citations, such as citations in prose and parenthetical citations in the current MLA style, which is in its 9th edition. This style was created by the Modern Language Association.
Where to include an MLA in-text citation Place the parenthetical citation directly after the relevant quote or paraphrase, and before the period or other punctuation mark (except with block quotes, where the citation comes after the period). If you have already named the author in the sentence, add only the page number in parentheses.
General information about parenthetical citations How do I cite sources in my paper? The following instructions are basically the same for print sources and electronic sources. When you quote or paraphrase a specific portion of a text in a source, give enough information—most typically the author’s last name and the page number —to identify the exact location of the borrowed material. If ...
According to the MLA Handbook 9th ed. if a source explicitly uses paragraph numbers instead of page numbers, include the abbreviation par. or pars (244). It is never appropriate to use the page numbers of web pages that are printed. For example In-Text Citation (Chan, par. 2) Works Cited Chan, Evans. "Postmodernism and Hong Kong Cinema." Postmodern Culture, vol. 10 no. 3, May 2000.
MLA 9th Edition Citations GuideIn-Text (Parenthetical) Examples
Signal phrase (" Citation in prose " in the MLA Handbook): Introducing the name of the author or the work's title in the text of your sentence. Parenthetical citation: Paraphrasing an idea or using a quotation without the author/title in your sentence text.
Modern Language Association (MLA) style is used for formatting and documenting work in English and other disciplines, particularly in the humanities. In MLA style, parenthetical citations are used to document sources in-text. Using MLA style correctly increases your credibility as a writer and ...
Example: (Hemingway, par. 1) (Hemingway 3) In MLA, you DO NOT us a comma before the page number, but you DO use a comma if you are using a paragraph number rather than a page number. For page number, you simply put the number in the citation, like this: (Cisneros 1). For paragraph number, you need the “par.” like this: (Cisneros, par. 2).
When relevant, an in-text citation also has a second component: if a specific part of a work is quoted or paraphrased and the work includes a page number, line number, time stamp, or other way to point readers to the place in the work where the information can be found, that location marker must be included in parentheses. Parenthetical citation
The author's idea from that page is understood to end at the parenthetical page number. When you include a citation, you must also include a full bibliographic entry in your Works Cited list. *Examples excerpted from: Modern Language Association. MLA Handbook. 9th ed. New York: Modern Language Assoc. of America, 2021.
How to Cite Paragraph Numbers in MLA. Modern Language Association (MLA) Style is used primarily to attribute sources in research papers and scholarly articles. The standard citation format is spare, parenthetically referencing page numbers when the author is listed in the text, or displaying the author's name followed ...
If the paragraphs are numbered, you may also cite the relevant paragraph number preceded by the abbreviation par., e.g. (Society of Graphic Designers of Canada, par. 4). If the author's name precedes the paragraph number in the citation, follow the name with a comma. Do not include unnumbered paragraphs.
When creating in-text citations for sources that number the paragraphs, lines, or sections, you put the author's last name, a comma, the label and then the number rather than the page number.
MLA style uses in-text citations to give credit to authors when paraphrasing or quoting their ideas. In-text citations include two parts, the lead-in (or signal) phrase and the parenthetical citation. The lead-in phrase is an important element of the in-text citation to include when integrating sources into your own writing.
Example: (Hemingway, par. 1) (Hemingway 3) In MLA, you DO NOT us a comma before the page number, but you DO use a comma if you are using a paragraph number rather than a page number. For page number, you simply put the number in the citation, like this: (Cisneros 1). For paragraph number, you need the “par.” like this: (Cisneros, par. 2).
If you are making a direct quote or paraphrasing an author's idea, you must add a parenthetical (in-text) citation. Author and page number are the two basic elements of MLA parenthetical citations. In cases where there is no named author, the title (often shortened) of the work is used. These citations are brief and are meant to allow the reader to find the full details in the works cited list ...
When you refer to the words and ideas of others within your own research MLA style requires you to give credit by using an in-text citation (also known as “imbedded” or “parenthetical” citation) within the text of your paper. MLA requires the use of an in-text citation whether you put the words of others in your own words (paraphrase) or state them exactly as found in the original ...
In-Text (Parenthetical) Examples - MLA 9th Edition Citations Guide - LibGuides at Colorado Community College SystemMLA 9th Edition Citations Guide
