The materials collected here do not express the views of, or positions held by, Purdue University. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.
Generate APA style citations quickly and accurately with our FREE APA citation generator. Enter a website URL, book ISBN, or search with keywords, and we do the rest! Updated with APA 7th Edition!
This page contains reference examples for journal articles, including articles with article numbers, articles with missing information, retractions, abstracts, online-only supplemental material, and monographs as part of a journal issue.
This guide provides major research sources for APA citation format in Psychological Sciences at Purdue University.
APA 7th Edition (2020): Citations & Reference List This handout summarizes key concepts you'll need to know when using APA Style for citations. For more detailed instructions and a greater variety of examples and scenarios, we recommend referring to the APA Publication Manual (2019) in book format or online (apastyle.apa.org), or the Purdue OWL (owl.purdue.edu).
To help students in need of APA Style guidance, tutorials and quick guides adapted from Academic Writer®, APA’s tool for teaching and learning effective writing, are now freely available through July 1, 2020.
EX: The perfectly formatted paper: How the Purdue OWL saved my essay. Capitalize all major words in journal titles Italicize titles of longer works such as books and journals Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works such as journal articles or essays in edited collections APA is a complex system of citation.
These OWL resources will help you learn how to use the American Psychological Association (APA) citation and format style. This section contains resources on in-text citation and the References page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.
When you cite a journal article from an online database you found through the Purdue Libraries, the Hammer Research Repository, or Google Scholar, a URL is always included.
APA Style provides guidelines to help writers determine the appropriate level of citation and how to avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism. We also provide specific guidance for in-text citation, including formats for interviews, classroom and intranet sources, and personal communications; in-text citations in general; and paraphrases and direct quotations.
Reference Guide for Journal Articles, Books, and Edited Book Chapters Invert names so that the last name comes first, followed by a comma and the initials. Leave a space between initials. Retain the order of authors’ names.
This page from Purdue University Writing Lab (OWL) covers how to include various authors in your in-text citations. This includes single authors, multiple authors, organizational authors, and other author types.
The following examples for reference list citations are from Purdue OWL: APA Reference List. While these examples cover popular resources including journal articles, books, and websites, Purdue OWL provides examples on many other types of materials.
The Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL) offers detailed information about the most common citation formats: APA, MLA, and Chicago Manual of Style. These links will take you to general format information. Use the left sidebar on the Purdue OWL page to find more specific information about citation styles for different types of sources.
v.3.1 We use the 9th ed. of MLA, 7th ed. of APA, and 17th ed. of Chicago (9th ed. Turabian). Maintained by the Hekman Library at Calvin University, Grand Rapids, MI - 95,040,812 citations and counting! Questions about Citations and Styles? Try the fantastic resources available at the Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL).
