To avoid interrupting the flow of your text with an extended parenthetical reference, try to include corporate authors' names in the text of your essay. For more information see section 6.4.5 in the seventh edition of the MLA Handbook. Example: According to the American Psychiatric Association, 3-7% of school-aged children suffer from ADHD (12).
The parenthetical citation refers to an item in your works cited list. Here is an example: (Kaku, 55) where Kaku is the author and 55 is the page in the work that has ideas, facts or words you are incorporating into your text. If you mention the author’s name, Kaku, in your discussion, you need only note the page (55).
Modern Language Association (MLA) style is used for formatting and documenting work in English and other disciplines, particularly in the humanities. In MLA style, parenthetical citations are used to document sources in-text. Using MLA style correctly increases your credibility as a writer and avoids accidental incidents of plagiarism.
This parenthetical reference (usually) includes the author(s) name(s) and the page number of your source. It can look something like these two examples: After Smithson’s results were published, he found himself at the center of a controversy (37). The published results created quite a controversy (Smithson 37).
Researchers use parenthetical references, or in-text citations, to show which ideas come from which sources. Parenthetical references link directly to your Works Cited. They point the reader to the correct entry in your Works Cited document. Use them after a direct quote, paraphrase, or summary. Generally, they are placed at the end of a sentence.
Basic MLA in-text citation format Note: Remember that in-text citations should match exactly the beginning (the first letter/word) of the full citation in your Works Cited list–typically, this will be the author’s last name or the first couple of words of the title (if there is no author). ... Generally, your parenthetical citation (aka ...
Style and Formatting Guide For Parenthetical References The following information is an adapted version of the style and formatting guidelines found in the MLA Handbook, 8th ed. (2016), published by the Modern Language Association. This sheet serves as a ready-reference—more information can be found in the MLA 8th Edition Handbook.
Example. It has been reported that failure to use citations is a threat to national security (Citation Security Agency 36). Note: Shorten the group name to the shortest noun phrase and remove any articles (a, an, the). For example, The National Academy of Sciences and the Royal Society would be listed in-text as (National Academy).
Sample Parenthetical References in MLA Style. Leave 1″ (2.5 cm) margin on all four sides of the 8 1/2″ x 11″ white paper. Title should be centered. Page number should appear at the right hand corner 1/2″ (1.25 cm) from the top. The entire essay should be typed double-spaced with each new paragraph indented 1/2″ (1.25 cm) or 5 spaces ...
Each reference should point unambiguously to a single entry in the Works Cited list. This is normally done with the author's surname, which may appear in the text or in the parenthetical reference. The location of the referenced material in the source should be identified specifically, typically with the page number. Specifics:
Title of the work begins the entry in the works-cited list (MLA Handbook 55-56) If the author of the work is anonymous or if the work is written by the same organization that published it, the in-text citation will contain the title or a shortened form of the title used. Examples:
MLA parenthetical citation examples (author-page style) As mentioned previously in this article, MLA format follows the author-page method of in-text citation. It is quite similar to APA style, except that the citation only includes the author’s last name and page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken. No comma or other ...
2. Your in-text citation refer to Act, scene, and line numbers -- not page numbers. The period goes after the parenthetical reference. EXAMPLE: In A Midsummer Night's Dream, Theseus draws a comparison that: "The lunatic, the lover, and the poet, / Are of imagination all compact" (V. i.7-8).
The specific format may vary depending on your citation style (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago Manual). Both APA and MLA are known as parenthetical citation styles. In contrast, the Chicago Style uses extensive footnotes and endnotes to refer to sources. 1 These are discussed in detail in the following sections.
Author (defined broadly) and page number are the two basic elements of MLA parenthetical citations. In cases where there is no named author, the title (often shortened) of the work is used. ... If a works-cited citation begins with the names of administrative units, give all the names in the in-text citation. Example: (United States, Congress ...
