Since et al. is plural, it should always be a substitute for more than one name. In the case that et al. would stand in for just one author, write the author’s name instead. Unknown Author. If the work does not have an author, cite the source by its title in the signal phrase or use the first word or two in the parentheses.
Two or More Works by the Same Author in the Same Year. If you are using more than one reference by the same author—or the same group of authors listed in the same order—published in the same year, first check to see if they have more specific dates (this recommendation is new to APA 7).Works with only a year should be listed before those with a more specific date.
The abbreviation “et al.” (meaning “and others”) is used to shorten APA in-text citations with three or more authors. Here’s how it works: Only include the first author’s last name, followed by “et al.”, a comma and the year of publication, for example (Taylor et al., 2018).
However, if you cite multiple works by the same author or authors, regardless of the publication years, include the date in every in-text citation to prevent ambiguity. For example, if you cite Mohammed and Mahfouz (2017) and Mohammed and Mahfouz (2019), include the year with every citation, even when one of the references is cited multiple ...
The phrase “et al.” is used with in-text citations (including APA parenthetical citations) only when referencing a source that has three or more authors. Include the name of only the first author’s last name plus “et al.” in every citation. In-text citation structure: Text (1st Author et al., Year Published ) OR
Both could be shortened to simply (Smith et al., 2018), thereby creating confusion as to which work is being cited. To avoid ambiguity, the names of as many authors as necessary to distinguish the sources should be used in each citation before abbreviation with et al. For example: (Smith, Jones, & Brown, 2018).
The label “DOI:” is no longer needed before the link. Formatting Your Paper in APA 7th Edition. A well-formatted APA paper typically includes: Title Page. Title of the paper (bold, centered, title case) Author name(s) Institutional affiliation. Course number and name (student papers) or Author note (professional papers) Instructor name ...
Rule #7 et al. For any source with three or more authors, only the surname of the first listed author and the abbreviation "et al." will appear in the in-text citation to represent all of the authors, whether there are three authors or 103 authors. The abbreviation "et al." is short for "et alia" which is Latin for "and others."
(Author Surname et al., Year). In-Text Citation (Quotation): (Author Surname et al., Year, page number). References: Surnames and initials for up to twenty authors should be provided in the reference list. For more than 20 authors, list the first 19, followed by an ellipses, then list the final author. Author Surname, First Initial.
Sources with Three or More Authors (et al.) For a source with three or more authors, list the first author and “et al.” (meaning, “and others”) for all citations. Here is how this would look for a source authored by Sookochoff, Lai, and Bakke, published in 2023, for both a narrative and parenthetical citation.
7th edition example. Three or more authors (6th ed., 6.12, p.175) (7th ed., 8.17, p. 266) Distinction between three to five authors and six or more authors is no longer used. With three or more authors, use the first author’s last name and "et al." the first time you cite the source.
*When there are more than 20 authors, include the first 19 authors' names followed by an ellipsis (. . .) and the final author's name. In-text citation (Hughes et al., 2004) When a work has three or more authors, in-text citations consist of the first author's name followed by "et al." (Latin for "and others") and the date.
The abbreviation “et al.” (meaning “and others”) is used to shorten APA in-text citations with three or more authors. Here’s how it works: Only include the first author’s last name, followed by “et al.”, a comma and the year of publication, for example (Taylor et al., 2018).
The authors stated "the mice disappeared within minutes" (Jones & Smith, 2020, p. 29). For 3 or more authors, use the first author and "et al." for all in-text citations. Green et al.'s (2019) findings indicated that the intervention was not based on evidence from clinical trials.
Three or more authors (Martin et al., 2020) Martin et al. (2020) Group author with abbreviation. First citation. ... More information on APA 7th in text citation from the Douglas College Learning Centre. ... include the abbreviation before the year in parentheses, separated with a comma, e.g., The American Psychological Association [APA], 2017 ...
Sommerville et al. (2017) Source with Twenty-One or More Authors Note : For sources with twenty-one or more authors, write out the first twenty authors and forgo all subsequent authors, but the last, with an ellipsis.
If your reference has three or more authors, you can then use et al. (meaning ‘and others’) in your in-text citation, for example: Research by Harrison et al. (2003) shows that… For APA 7th, you need to record all authors in your final reference list or bibliography. You can only use et al. if there are more than 20 authors.
In APA 7th Edition, the rules differ depending on how many authors you have: 1-2: Always mention the names of all authors; 3-20 authors; In text, you only use the first author's surname and abbreviate the rest of the list with "et al." (Latin for "and others"). In your reference list, you list all of the authors (up to 20).
