'Melanonychia' is a darkening of the nails that can be a side effect of some drugs, such as hydroxyurea. This page lists the drugs that have been reported to cause 'Melanonychia' and provides references and links for more information.
Melanonychia affects up to 20% of Japanese people. White-skinned people are less commonly affected. Melanonychia can also be associated with genetic disorders, injury, medications, nutritional deficiency, endocrine disease, connective tissue disease, inflammatory skin disease, a local tumour, or nail infection. What causes melanonychia?
Malnutrition can cause melanonychia, especially a lack of protein, vitamin D, or vitamin B12. Tumors. Benign tumors and malignant tumors such as basal cell carcinoma can cause melanonychia.
Topical exposure to drugs can cause dyschromias and irritant or allergic contact dermatitis. Some drugs affect more than 1 area. 1 Let’s look at 10 types of drug-induced nail changes. ... (melanonychia) that alternate with normal color, but drugs that activate melanocytes diffusely discolor the entire nail. Usually, ...
Melanonychia is dark pigmentation of the nails that can be natural or indicate health issues. Drugs can cause transverse melanonychia in multiple nails, but the condition usually fades after stopping the treatment.
Melanonychia has been reported to be due to alcaptonuria, hemosiderosis, hyperbilirubinemia, and porphyria [2, 10]. Iatrogenic Causes — Iatrogenic causes of melanocytic activation include medications (especially chemotherapeutic agents) [17–19], phototherapy, X-ray exposure, and electron beam therapy (Figure 3, Table 2) .
Transversal melanonychia is a type of drug-induced melanonychia Trusted Source PubMed Central Highly respected database from the National Institutes of Health Go to source. It appears as a band of brown or black discoloration across the width of the nail. ... There are several possible causes of melanonychia. It occurs due to an increase in ...
drugs, are the principal cause of drug-induced melanonychia.4 Other drugs that have been implicated include antiretrovirals (lami-vudine, zidovudine), antimalarials (mepacrine, amodiaquine, chlo-roquine), metals (arsenic, thallium, mercury, gold salts), psoralens with UVA, and radiotherapy. The pigmentation usually partially or completely fades ...
The most concerning cause of melanonychia is subungual melanoma, although a variety of other causes includes physiologic longitudinal melanonychia, systemic disorders, trauma, inflammatory disorders, fungal infections, drugs, and benign melanocytic hyperplasias 1. Longitudinal melanonychia is most often benign and arises from a pigmented ...
Introduction “Melanonychia” describes a brown/brown-black pigmented longitudinal or transverse band on the fingernail/toenail in response to reactive and neoplastic disorders and as a side effect of chemotherapeutic and systemic treatments. 1 Hydroxyurea (HU), a cytostatic drug used in managing myeloproliferative disorders, can cause mucocutaneous adverse reactions, including ...
Among drugs able to induce melanonychia the most common causes are chemotherapeutic agents. A long list of cancer chemotherapeutic agents may activate clusters of nail matrix melanocytes inducing melanin production, giving rise to the development of melanonychia in multiple longitudinal or transverse bands.
Apparent leukonychia (due to defects in nail bed blood flow) may also occur with chemotherapy. Some drugs, such as doxorubicin, can cause the occurrence of both leukonychia and melanonychia in the same nail. Minocycline may occasionally cause abnormal pigmentation of the nails, and may also involve the skin, skin, teeth, mucosa, and sclera.
Drugs that can cause melanonychia include azathioprine, psoralens and cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Radiation therapy can also cause melanonychia . Nail pigmentation often persists long after drug withdrawal. Fig. 4. Longitudinal melanonychia and Beau’s lines developed in this patient after a single course of radiation therapy to the distal ...
Some drugs may cause dark pigmentation of finger or toe nails by stimulating melanocytes in the nail bed to produce melanin. ... past history of melanonychia to the drug ...
Other causes of physiologic melanocytic activation include pregnancy, chronic local trauma or inflammation, systemic conditions, and drugs . Nail lentigo, nail melanocytic nevus, and nail melanoma are causes of longitudinal melanonychia due to melanocytic hyperplasia.
The most common cause in a study evaluating melanonychia of all morphologies was found to be subungual hemorrhage (29.1%), followed by nail matrix nevus (21.8%), trauma (14.5%), lentigo ... The list of common drugs causing melanonychia and their features are listed in Table 2.[7 11] Chemotherapeutic drugs are the most common agents.
While most of the time melanonychia is considered a ... or even certain medications. The second pathway melanin can be deposited in the nails is from melanocytic hyperplasia, or too may melanocytes. This is the same way that benign moles (nevi) and lentigines form in the skin. Although most often this cause of melanonychia is benign, it may ...
We review the main causes of melanonychia, with emphasis on the clues to the diagnosis of subungual melanoma. Keywords: melanonychia, dermoscopy, nail pigmentation, melanoma, nail diseases. Introduction and background. Melanonychias represent brown to black discolorations of the nail plate. Longitudinal melanonychia is the most common form of ...
Common causes of longitudinal melanonychia due to melanocytic activation include inflammatory and traumatic nail disorders, drugs (chemotherapy, azidothymidine, antimalarials, PUVA therapy) (Fig. 450-11), and systemic diseases (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [Chapter 399]; Addison's disease [Chapter 234]).
