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Report exact . p. values to two or three decimals (e.g., p = .006, p = .03). ° However, report . p. values less than .001 as “p < .001.” • Keep in mind that these are general guidelines . and that the most important consideration when . deciding the number of decimal places to use in reporting results is the following: Round as much

If you have multiple numerical results to report, it’s often a good idea to present them in a figure (graph) or a table (see our handout on APA table guidelines). In reporting the results of statistical tests, report the descriptive statistics, such as means and standard deviations, as well as the test statistic, degrees of freedom, obtained ...

Formatting statistical terms. When reporting statistical results, present information in easily understandable ways.You can use a mix of text, tables, and figures to present data effectively when you have a lot of numbers to report. In your main text, use helpful words like “respectively” or “in order” to aid understanding when listing several statistics in a sequence.

Presenting Outcomes in Your APA Results Section. To introduce outcomes in your APA results section, report hypothesis tests. Then, mention if it was confirmed by presenting numbers. Make sure you specify such information: Test statistic; Degree of freedom; Your p-value; Magnitude and direction.

Additionally, a brief interpretation of the results should be provided. Conventions and sources used for interpretations should be provided. An example interpretation may state, Males on ... familiar with some of the specific guidelines related to reporting statistics. The APA manual

APA style includes several rules for presenting numerical results in the text. These include using words only for numbers less than 10 that do not represent precise statistical results, and rounding results to two decimal places, using words (e.g., “mean”) in the text and symbols (e.g., “M”) in parentheses.

Measures of central tendency are reported in APA style using the symbol M for mean and Mdn for median. There is no symbol for mode. Rarely is mode reported, mean or median is preferred. Reporting the mean in the body of the journal may look like The pretest score for the group is lower (M = 20.5) than the posttest score (M = 65.3).

Mean, Standard Deviation (and similar single statistics): use parentheses: (M = 22, SD = 3.4). 3. Hypothesis Tests in APA Style. Nouns (p value, z test, t test) are not hyphenated, but as an adjective they are: t-test results, z-test score. At the beginning of the results section, restated your hypothesis and then state if your results ...

The APA results section summarizes data and includes reporting statistics in a quantitative research study. The APA results section is an essential part of your research paper and typically begins with a brief overview of the data followed by a systematic and detailed reporting of each hypothesis tested. The interpreted results will then be presented in the discussion sections.

Example: An analysis of variance showed that the effect of noise was significant, F(3,27) = 5.94, p = .007.Post hoc analyses using the Scheffé post hoc criterion for significance indicated that the average number of errors was significantly lower in the white noise condition (M = 12.4, SD = 2.26) than in the other two noise conditions (traffic and industrial) combined (M = 13.62, SD = 5.56 ...

Some Examples using APA Format to Report Results . A. Confidence Intervals. It is a good idea to support your p-values with confidence intervals, corresponding to your significance level. ... The results of the regression indicated the two predictors explained 46.8% of the variance (R2=.43, F(2,61)=5.56, p<.003). It was found that

Definition: Reporting statistics in APA. The APA Publication Manual provides guidelines and standard suggestions for formatting and reporting statistics in APA. Here are the general rules for reporting statistics in APA: Use words for numbers under ten (1-9) and numerals for ten and over; Use space after commas, variables, and mathematical symbols

Reporting Results of Common Statistical Tests in APA Format The goal of the results section in an empirical paper is to report the results of the data analysis used to test a ... = 25.4, p < .01, indicating that the mean change score was significantly higher in the high-expertise message source (M = 5.49, SD = 2.25) ...

One important section of a paper is known as the results section. An APA results section of a psychology paper summarizes the data that was collected and the statistical analyses that were performed. The goal of this section is to report the results of your study or experiment without any type of subjective interpretation.

Additionally, a brief interpretation of the results should be provided. Conventions and sources used for interpretations should be provided. An example interpretation may state, Males on ... familiar with some of the specific guidelines related to reporting statistics. The APA manual

Reporting Statistics in APA Format PSYC 330L—Burnham Examples2 Reporting a significant one-sample t-test: The number of hours spent watching Family Guy per week (M = 11.00, SD = 2.00) was significantly different from 10.00 hours per week, t(49) = 2.36, SEM = 0.42, p < .05. Reporting a significant independent-samples (independent-groups) t-test:

If reporting descriptive statistics (e.g. Means, Standard Deviations, etc.), use a Table if more than 2 rows present. In the narrative text, refer readers to the figure and do not repeat the

Guidelines for APA Style 1. Identify reason for analysis 2. Identify analysis 3. Report results 4. Report effect sizes 5. Report means and standard deviations 6. Report main effects followed by post hocs 7. Do NOT interpret the results Identify reason for analysis • Orient reader to which hypothesis your analysis is informing

The following examples illustrate how to report statistics in the text of a research report. You will note that significance levels in journal articles—especially in tables—are often reported as either “p > .05,” “p < .05,” “p < .01,” or “p < .001.”APA style dictates reporting the exact p value within the text of a manuscript (unless the p value is less than .001).