Basic guidelines for formatting the reference list at the end of a standard APA research paper Author/Authors Rules for handling works by a single author or multiple authors that apply to all APA-style references in your reference list, regardless of the type of work (book, article, electronic resource, etc.)
Paragraph number: (Smith, 2018, para. 15). Heading or section name: (CDC, 2020, Flu Season section) ... Always include page numbers in the APA in-text citation when quoting a source. Don’t include page numbers when referring to a work as a whole – for example, an entire book or journal article.
When a resource does not have page numbers, use paragraph numbers or heading titles instead; Use para. when referring to a paragraph ; Use section when referring to heading or section; Use a combination of both a section name and para. number if the section includes many paragraphs; When a heading is too long to cite in full place quotation marks around its abbreviate form
For sources with designated page numbers - if the author and date are introduced in the sentence as a narrative citation, then add the page number in parentheses at the end of the quote. If the source does not have designated page numbers, then add the paragraph number, heading, or a combination of both the heading and paragraph number.
To refer the reader to a specific paragraph, use the abbreviation "para." followed by the paragraph number you are citing; count the paragraphs manually if they are not numbered in the source being cited. If the full heading or section title is long, provide the first few words of the title, putting quotation marks around the title words.
If the document contains headings but no page numbers or paragraph numbers, use the heading plus a paragraph number within that section. "in 1957 news of a report by the Western Australian government provided the catalyst for a reform movement" (National Museum of Australia, n.d., The catalyst for change section, para. 1)
Paragraph number. Western countries are experiencing problems on where to send their recyclable waste. Until 2018, "China used to accept 55% of the world's plastic and paper waste" (British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) 2020, para. 2). ... In APA 7, any in-text citation with three or more authors will use "et al.". Author Type Parenthetical ...
In APA, in-text citations are inserted in the text of your research paper to briefly document the source of your information. Brief in-text citations point the reader to more complete information in the Reference list. ... Provide a paragraph number (count the paragraphs manually if they are not numbered). Provide a heading or section name in ...
A page number is required for direct quotes and encouraged for paraphrasing. Use the abbreviation “p.” for one page or “pp.” for multiple pages (Smith, 2009, p. 3) (Smith, 2009, pp. 3-4) No page number? Use another identifying element such as a paragraph number, chapter number, section number etc. (Freeman, 2019, para. 3)
More information on APA 7th in text citation from the Douglas College Learning Centre. In-Text Citation Checklist from APA. A helpful checklist provided by the folks at APA Style. Run through this quick list for all your citations. ... Provide a paragraph number. You can count the paragraphs if they are not numbered. e.g. (Rogers, para. 4).
General rules (all source types): Include the author's last name, year of publication, and specific part (usually page number) for a quote. "Although not required to provide a page or paragraph number in the citation for a paraphrase, you may include one in addition to the author and year when it would help interested readers locate the relevant passage within a long or complex work" (American ...
Use the abbreviation "p." for a quotation from a single page number, "pp." for a quotation from multiple pages, separating the numbers with an en dash (-) for a continuous page range, or a comma (,) for discontinuous pages, and "para." for quotations from a work that does not include page numbers (APA, 2020, p. 270).
Direct Quote: (author’s last name, year, page number) If there is no page number, provide another way for the reader to locate the quotation. You can use paragraph numbers in place of page numbers with the abbreviation “para.” before the number to specify which paragraph the information is located: (author’s last name, year, para. 7)
Page numbers must be used inside the parentheses after a direct quote (a direct quote is a word-for-word quote that is placed within quotation marks). If page numbers are not available, other locators are used, such as paragraph numbers Example:: (para. 10). Page or paragraph numbers are not required when paraphrasing.
APA follows an author and date of publication model for citing sources in your research paper and are presented as either narrative or parenthetical citations. The formatting does not vary due to format type, however it may deviate from the norm due to factors such as: number of authors, organization instead of individual author, lack of author, or lack of date.
The in-text citation typically includes author(s) last name, date of publication, and sometimes pinpoints like page or paragraph number(s), as in when providing a direct quotation. ... WATCH: In-text Citations in APA Style 7th Edtion. Cite your sources in-text by using either the parenthetical or narrative format. The examples below demonstrate ...
See sections 8.30 -8.31 (pp. 274-276) in the APA Manual. Paraphrasing. If you are paraphrasing (restating an idea from a text in your own words) you are not required to provide a page or paragraph number in the in-text citation, but you may include one when it would help the readers locate the relevant passage. See APA Manual p. 269.
All APA in-text citations require the same basic information: Author’s last name (no first names or initials) Year of publication (or “n.d.” if there is “no date”:(LastName, n.d., p.#)) Page number, paragraph number, chapter, section, or time stamp where the information can be located within the source (only required for direct quotes)
