referencing the primary author (e.g., Jackson et al. (2017) state…). According to the APA Style Manual 7. th. Edi on (Sec ons 8.10-8.36), whenever you’re referring to a work with three or more authors, you should always use et al., even in the first cita on. This is a departure from previous edi ons of APA. The only me you would ever ...
APA Style provides guidelines to help writers determine the appropriate level of citation and how to avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism. We also provide specific guidance for in-text citation, including formats for interviews, classroom and intranet sources, and personal communications; in-text citations in general; and paraphrases and direct quotations.
When you have 3 or more authors, you only use the first author's surname in text, and abbreviate the rest of the list with "et al." (Latin for "and others").In your reference list, you list all of the authors (up to 20).. In Text: Narrative citation: Boers et al.'s (2017) research i nto the use of pictures in glosses found they may decrease the amount of attention given to the words
In APA 7, when citing a work with three or more authors, include the first author’s surname followed by “et al.” "Et al." is Latin for "and others." ... and results (Rasmussen et al., 2004). A narrative citation would look like this: Rasmussen et al. (2004) emphasized the vital role research plays in development planning, saying that ...
The abbreviation “et al.” (meaning “and others”) is used to shorten APA in-text citations with three or more authors. Here’s how it works: Only include the first author’s last name, followed by “et al.”, a comma and the year of publication, for example (Taylor et al., 2018).
When a citation has 3 or more authors, include the last name of the first author, followed by et al. (not italicized), and the year. (Nishimoto et al., 1998) For narrative citations, use the word "and" to separate authors, for parenthetical citations, use an ampersand: McCroskey and O'Keefe (2000) studied Los Angeles...
Forgetting the Hanging Indent: This is a hallmark of APA’s reference list format. Inconsistency in Formatting: Make sure that all references follow the same pattern (punctuation, italics, spacing). Using Incomplete URLs: Ensure the link is complete and leads to the correct resource. Misapplication of et al.
Give the first author's last name followed by et al. (ALL citations) Sawyer et al. (2010)... OR (ALL citations) (Sawyer et al., 2010). If the first author's name and the years of publications are the same for several references, include enough additional co-author names to eliminate ambiguity. Include a comma after the last name.
Using et al. in APA format. In the APA format, et al. is used for crediting author names but only in citations within the text and not in the reference list. This is because according to the new APA 7 th edition guidelines, you can mention up to 20 authors in the reference list. More than 20 authors are listed using ellipses (…) instead of et al.
Use the author–date citation system to cite references in the text in APA Style. In this system, each work used in a paper has two parts: an in-text citation and a corresponding reference list entry. ... The format of the author element of the in-text citation changes depending on the number of authors and is abbreviated in some cases ...
The primary purpose of using et al. is to avoid cluttering the text with long lists of authors, making the writing more readable and concise. However, the usage of et al. varies slightly depending on the citation style being followed. APA Style. In APA (American Psychological Association) style, et al. is used for sources with three or more ...
General Format Guidelines on writing an APA style paper In-Text Citations. Resources on using in-text citations in APA style. The Basics General guidelines for referring to the works of others in your essay Author/Authors How to refer to authors in-text, including single and multiple authors, unknown authors, organizations, etc. ...
The author-date format of APA in-text citations provides a helpful structure for giving credit to sources. ... Lai, and Bakke, published in 2023, for both a narrative and parenthetical citation. Sookochoff et al. (2023) found that student engagement increased by 45% when using interactive learning modules. ... Cite Works That Shorten to the ...
General Format. In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): (Author Surname et al., Year). In-Text Citation (Quotation): (Author Surname et al., Year, page number). References: Surnames and initials for up to twenty authors should be provided in the reference list. For more than 20 authors, list the first 19, followed by an ellipses, then list the final author.
If you cite several sources by the same author or group of authors, you’ll distinguish between them in your APA in-text citations using the year of publication.. If you cite multiple sources by the same author(s) at the same point, you can just write the author name(s) once and separate the different years with commas, e.g., (Smith, 2020, 2021). To distinguish between sources with the same ...
